Foot Calluses - (Tyloma)

Calluses (also called tyloma) develop when a certain area of the skin thickens to protect itself from repetitive friction or strain. Calluses are usually not painful, but are not pleasant to look at. When they do become painful, they need to be treated.

Callus-prone areas include the feet, the hands, and other parts of the skin that are always rubbed or pressed. Foot calluses usually pop up on the plantar surface (more known as the sole) and the metatarsal (the area the inner toe bones stretch into the foot). Heel calluses can also appear on the heel. All these sections endure most of the pressure from daily activities such as standing and walking.

Foot Callus Signs and Symptoms

Below are some of the symptoms that may indicate callus:

• The skin of a certain area/s of the foot, especially those over bony spots, thickens without following distinct borders
• The thickened skin is either red, brown, or yellow-gray
• The thickened skin usually does not hurt, but in some cases, may burn or throb.

Causes of Foot Calluses

The most common cause of calluses on feet (specifically on the sole area) is shoes. Wearing shoes that are too narrow or tight can put pressure to the callus-prone areas. Conversely, people who are fond of going barefoot often develop a thickened callus on their soles over time.

Socks can also cause calluses on feet. Ill-fitting socks that bunch up by the toes can rub against the skin and set off corns and calluses.

Foot calluses can also be caused by structural abnormalities of the feet (such as flat-footedness bunions , and others). These abnormalities cause disproportionate pressure on and too much friction between the underlying bone and the skin. The metatarsals of a flat-footed person, for example, may glide upward whenever weight is applied, straining the second metatarsal and causing it to form a callus.

Foot Calluses Tests and Diagnosis

A simple physical examination is usually all that the doctor needs to do to identify a callus. In some more severe cases, the patient may be required to undergo an x-ray, which can help the doctor reveal abnormalities in the foot’s structure. In some special cases, the skin cells of the patient are removed for biopsy.

Foot Callus Treatments

Experts advise against self-medication. Never try to ease the pain of your foot calluses by trimming them off with a knife or razor blade. This can not only infect the area – it could also lead to dangerous injuries. Never attempt this, especially if you are a diabetic. There are proper nonsurgical options available. .

Some patients may be advised to use an orthotic, which helps transfer and redistribute pressure on the foot equally. The best orthotics actually take weight and pressure away from the affected areas until they heal. Remember to only use orthotics that are capable of absorbing both shock and friction. Women should refrain from high heels throughout their recovery.

Surgery may be performed on acute calluses, but it is rarely necessary. Talk to your doctor about your options so you can make an informed decision.

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